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Hubs & Switches are essential networking devices that connect multiple computers or devices within a local area network (LAN). While both are used to facilitate communication, they operate differently. A hub is a simple device that broadcasts data to all connected devices without checking who the intended recipient is. This often results in unnecessary traffic, slower performance, and weaker security. In contrast, a switch is smarter, as it directs data only to the intended device, reducing congestion and improving network efficiency.

In modern networking, the importance of Hubs & Switches cannot be overlooked, especially when comparing their roles. Hubs, working at the physical layer of the OSI model, are limited to half-duplex communication, meaning they can either send or receive data at one time. Switches, however, operate at the data link layer—and in some cases at the network layer—enabling full-duplex communication, where sending and receiving occur simultaneously.

As a result, switches are now the preferred choice in most environments because they provide higher speed, better security, and more reliable performance. Hubs are rarely used today except in very small or outdated networks. Understanding the differences between hubs & switches helps in designing a more secure and efficient network system.